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when did the indian ocean trade start

James Sullivan
But despite this diversity, for the most part, especially on the Western half of the Indian Ocean basin, the trade was dominated by Muslim merchants. Why? Largely because they had the money to build ships, although we will see that in the 15th century, the Chinese state could have changed that balance completely.
Table of Contents

How did the Indian Ocean Trade change over time?

The Indian Ocean commerce was subject to many changes from 650 CE to 1750 CE. One major change was the increased involvement of the Europeans in the commerce of the Indian Ocean over time. There were also continuities, which include the use of the same trade routes.

How long was the Indian Ocean Trade route?

roughly 700 yearsFor roughly 700 years, trade goods from across the entire supercontinent of Afro-Eurasia passed through the Indian Ocean.Nov 6, 2017

What are some of the reasons the Indian Ocean Trade took off and was so popular?

What are some of the reasons the Indian Ocean Trade took off and was so popular? They were seasonal and consistent. Monsoons would help carry ships from Africa to India between April and September. They carried ships back from November to February.

When did maritime trade start?

About 5,000 years ago, the first major trade routes were formed between modern-day India and Pakistan along the Arabian Sea. Due to bandits attacking caravans, land travel became dangerous and mariners began to travel on the sea. They used an astrolabe to navigate the waters.

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How did the Indian Ocean trade affect the environment?

European colonial exploitation of Indian Ocean resources resulted in the first clear evidence of the degradation of both the terrestrial and oceanic environments. Deforestation, cultivation, and guano mining have had undesirable effects on terrestrial ecosystems.

What was the primary way of trading in the Indian Ocean?

How did monsoons make Indian Ocean trade possible? Monsoons alternated wind currents that predictably blew eastward during the summer months and westward in the winter. When people understood what monsoons did, they accumulated different ways to build ships and developed oceanic navigation.

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How was the Indian Ocean trade Organised?

– The trade was conducted mainly through/ across the Indian Ocean also through the Red sea and Mediterranean Sea. … – The foreigners were brought by the dhows towards the Asian continent and from May to October the winds blew towards the East African coast.

What were the results of Indian Ocean trade?

– Indian Ocean trade led to the increase in population on the coat of East Africa due to the coming of many traders. … – There were intermarriages between the Africans and the Arabs, giving rise to Swahili people and Swahili culture at the coast of East Africa.

How did Portugal impact the Indian Ocean trade in the 16th and 17th centuries?

In conclusion, the Portuguese transformed and influenced the maritime trade system in the Indian Ocean by force. They took over trading cities, destroyed Muslim trade ships, and imposed taxes to get their way. Now the Portuguese are dominant in the region and are very wealthy.

In what centuries did the Indian Ocean trade network surge?

In what centuries did the Indian Ocean trade network surge? The Indian Ocean trade network really started to surge between 1000 CE and 1200. The Indian Ocean trade started to surge again in the 14th and 15th centuries.

Why did trade along the Indian Ocean contribute to the growth of states?

The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states. … In key places along important trade routes, merchants set up diasporic communities where they introduced their own cultural traditions into the indigenous cultures and, in turn, indigenous cultures influenced merchant cultures.

How is the Indian Ocean trade different than the Silk Road?

The Silk Road route was predominantly on land and crossed water ways at the Mediterranean Sea while the Indian Ocean trade route moved predominantly on water (Indian Ocean) between ports. … The products that went across both routes included silk and spices from the East and processed textiles from the West.

When was the first sea voyage?

In September 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. Three years later only one ship, the Victoria (depicted on a 1590 map), made it back to Spain after circumnavigating the world. Five hundred years ago, Ferdinand Magellan began a historic journey to circumnavigate the globe.

Who sailed the ocean first?

Ferdinand Magellan (1480–1521) was a Portuguese explorer who is credited with masterminding the first expedition to circumnavigate the world.

What was ocean travel like in the early 1600s?

Early migration

Sea travel during the 1600s was long and often unpleasant. When the Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower in 1620, conditions aboard were cramped and seasickness was rife, as the crossing took place during the Atlantic storm season. Passengers shared the space with livestock and other cargo.

What was commonly traded along these Indian Ocean trade networks?

People from China, Middle Asia, Africa, and Indian traded along the Indian Ocean Trade Network. Timber, animal hydes, ivory, and gold were goods that came mostly from Africa. … The astrolabe was an important tool for Indian Ocean traders because it made it easier for sailors to navigate by the stars.

What were ancient India’s trade routes?

Not only were goods transported over these roads, but people also shared knowledge, ideas, religious practices, and even illness in some cases.

  • The Silk Road. The Silk Road may be the most famous ancient trade route. …
  • The Spice Routes. …
  • The Amber Road. …
  • The Incense Route. …
  • The Salt Route. …
  • The Tin Route.

Who was the first to discover a trade route to India?

Portuguese explorer Vasco de Gama becomes the first European to reach India via the Atlantic Ocean when he arrives at Calicut on the Malabar Coast.

What impact did the Indian Ocean trade have on the Swahili States?

As a consequence of long-distance trading routes crossing the Indian Ocean, the Swahili were influenced by Arabic, Persian, Indian, and Chinese cultures. During the 10th century, several city-states flourished along the Swahili Coast and adjacent islands, including Kilwa, Malindi, Gedi, Pate, Comoros, and Zanzibar.

What did India trade on the Silk Road?

The sacks of merchants were filled with ivory, rhino horns, turtle shells, spices, ceramic and iron items, glaze and cinnamon, ginger, bronze weapons and mirrors. India was famous for its fabrics, spices and semi-precious stones, dyes, and ivory.

Why did Portugal control trade in the Indian Ocean?

Portugal’s purpose in the Indian Ocean was to ensure the monopoly of the spice trade. Taking advantage of the rivalries that pitted Hindus against Muslims, the Portuguese established several forts and trading posts between 1500 and 1510.

How did the Portuguese attempt to destroy Indian Ocean trade?

The Portuguese destroyed the Arab trade routes in the Indian Ocean between Africa, Arabia and India. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. They traded up the Zambezi river and interfered with the existing inland African trade.

What did the Portuguese trade with India?

The Portuguese in India

By the year 1511, the Portuguese were in control of the spice trade of the Malabar coast of India and Ceylon. … In the 16th century, over half of Portugal’s state revenue came from West African gold and Indian pepper and other spices. The proportion of the spices greatly outweighed the gold.

Why was the Indian Ocean trade better than the Silk Road?

Transportation costs were lower because ships could accommodate larger and heavier cargoes more than camels could. With transportation costs being lower it meant that the Indian Ocean trade network could (eventually) carry more bulk goods and products whereas the Silk Roads were limited to luxury goods.

Who sailed in 600 AD?

Famous Voyages

According to Herodotus, the Phoenicians managed to circumnavigate Africa in a voyage in c. 600 BCE sponsored by the Egyptian pharaoh Necho. Starting from the Red Sea, they sailed westwards in a journey that took three years.

Who is founder of ship?

The earliest documented ships were built by the ancient Egyptians, beginning about the 4th century BCE. Egyptian ships were powered by many men who…

Who gave the name Pacific?

Explorer Ferdinand Magellan

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